Ellie (Eleanor) Barnes
BSc. MBBS. PhD, FRCP. FMedSci.
Professor of Hepatology and Experimental Medicine
- Ludwig Adjunct Scholar
I lead an established research group with a focus on applied immunology relevant to liver disease, including cancer, and I seek to translate laboratory and clinical findings through to human experimental medicine studies.
My group is developing T cell pan-genotypic vaccines for hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevention and hepatitis B virus (HBV) cure using simian adenoviral and other viral vectors. We are also assessing COVID vaccines in disease cohorts. A major challenge for HCV vaccine development is the significant viral diversity both within the same host and between hosts – though parts of the viral genome are conserved, making these excellent T cell targets in the context of a T cell vaccine. Some of the technologies we are developing include integral genetic adjuvants that will have applicability in a broad range of diseases.
More recently, my group has developed national and international programmes in stratified medicine in the UK and S.E. Asia. I led STOP-HCV, a UK-wide MRC-funded stratified medicine consortium (22 partners) that united clinicians, scientists and industry partners in studies of personalised medicine (STOP-HCV.ox.ac.uk/home). The consortium developed high-throughput viral sequencing, integrating these with host genetic analysis, RNA sequencing in blood and liver, immune parameters and blood biomarkers to give new insights into pathogenesis and to use these parameters to identify patients with HCV who will develop hepatocellular liver cancer (HCC) and other negative clinical outcomes. Building on STOP-HCV and my experience in liver disease and immunology, I am now leading the CRUK-funded DeLIVER programme that will develop and test early detection methodologies for the identification of HCC.
I lead additional programmes of work in immune-mediated liver disease. One of these, IgG4-related disease (of unknown aetiology), affects multiple organs and includes severe biliary and pancreatic pathology, characterised by a lymphocytic infiltrate with IgG4-producing B cells. We have established a large cohort of patients and a national registry (funded through EASL) and are currently performing detailed assessment of T and B cells profiles to further define pathogenesis.
My group is developing liver imaging techniques with the Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research for the non-invasive detection of organ fibrosis and inflammation.
As NIHR CLRN lead for hepatology in the Thames Valley I oversee a portfolio of clinical studies relating to gastroenterology and hepatology at the Oxford University NHS Trust, Oxford.
Key publications
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A human vaccine strategy based on chimpanzee adenoviral and MVA vectors that primes, boosts, and sustains functional HCV-specific T cell memory.
Journal article
Swadling L. et al, (2014), Sci Transl Med, 6
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Chronic hepatitis C viral infection subverts vaccine-induced T-cell immunity in humans.
Journal article
Kelly C. et al, (2016), Hepatology, 63, 1455 - 1470
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The global distribution and prevalence of HCV genotypes
Journal article
Messina J. et al, (2014), HEPATOLOGY, 60, 909A - 910A
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Genome-to-genome analysis highlights the effect of the human innate and adaptive immune systems on the hepatitis C virus.
Journal article
Ansari MA. et al, (2017), Nat Genet, 49, 666 - 673
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The generation of a simian adenoviral vectored HCV vaccine encoding genetically conserved gene segments to target multiple HCV genotypes.
Journal article
von Delft A. et al, (2018), Vaccine, 36, 313 - 321
Recent publications
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Impact of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with vascular liver diseases: Observations from a VALDIG multicenter study
Journal article
Perez-Campuzano V. et al, (2024), JHEP Reports, 6
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Greater preservation of SARS-CoV-2 neutralising antibody responses following the ChAdOx1-S (AZD1222) vaccine compared with mRNA vaccines in haematopoietic cell transplant recipients.
Journal article
Colton H. et al, (2024), Br J Haematol
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Prospective cohort for early detection of liver cancer (Pearl): a study protocol.
Journal article
Khanna K. et al, (2024), BMJ Open, 14